Yiben is priceless

In 1998, the flood fighting struggle in the Yangtze River, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, struggled by millions of military and civilians and achieved a comprehensive victory. At present, the people of the country are concerned about how to further rectify the Yangtze River. This is not only related to the long -term stability of the people of the Yangtze River Basin, but also a huge project in the national economic construction. To this end, the two hospitals organized some related academicians and experts outside the hospital to analyze and study relevant information and opinions in various aspects, and submitted the following reports.

. The understanding of the flood and flood resistance of the Yangtze River in 1998

1998 floods. Basin -type flood. According to preliminary information, compared with 1998 and 1954, the flood flow and flood volume in the upstream is close to 1954. Since the flood peak flow of the midstream is not comparable, compared with the most concentrated 30 days of floods, Hankou and above in 1998 always come from Hankou or above. The water volume is more than 30 billion cubic meters less than in 1954; the flood peaks in the downstream are more than 10,000 cubic meters less than in 1954, and the flood volume is less than 50 billion cubic meters. In 1931, due to insufficient information, it can only be roughly compared. The upper and middle reaches may be slightly larger than in 1931, and the downstream is smaller than in 1931.

This should be stated that in the last century and earlier, the Yangtze River had a larger flood than this century. According to research, since 1153, the flood peak flow of Yichang Station has exceeded 80,000 seconds (63,600 cubic meters in 1998, and 66,800 seconds in 1954) It reached 92,500 and 105,000 cubic meters, respectively.

At present, everyone is more concerned about that although the flood is not as large as 1954, why in 1998, the dried flood level of the Yangtze River in 1998 was higher than 1954 except for Wuhan and Huangshi sections. Of course, the factors of the rise of floods can be listed a lot, but the most critical is that the flood storage capacity is reduced in large quantities in 1954. In 1954, due to the low flood resistance capacity of the middle and lower reaches of the embankment, many embankments were naturally collapsed. In order to reduce the flood position and keep the key areas, in addition to using the Jingjiang flood division project, they also picked up the floods in many places. The water volume reached 102.3 billion cubic meters, of which the capacity of the flood peak was about 70 billion cubic meters. According to the volume of floods in 1998, if the water level in 1954 is to be maintained, the valid flood storage capacity is about 40 billion cubic meters. However, the total number of flood division in 1998 was only about 10 billion cubic meters, of which the capacity of the effective reduction of the flood peak was estimated to be more than 5 billion cubic meters. In this way, the reduction of flood division is about 35 billion cubic meters, which is equivalent to reducing the flooding area of ​​7 million mu. In other words, the flood fighting struggle in 1998 was to strengthen flood prevention and rescue and strive to resist higher flood positions to increase flood discharge and reduce flooding losses. For example: In 1954, in the case of using the Jingjiang flood division project, the highest flood in the Jingjiang Dylodic City was 44.67 meters. According to the Yangtze River flood control plan, in order to reduce the use of the Jingjiang flood division project, the design flood position of the Jingjiang embankment was raised to 45.0 meters. In 1998, in order to avoid using the Jingjiang flood division project, the use of the Jingjiang embankment super design standards, the flood position of Shashi reached 45.22 meters. Another example: the exit of the Lianhua Tang Station in Dongting Lake, more than 1.85 meters from the flood level in 1954. This is because in 1954, most of the siege and the Yangtze River below the Lotus Pond above the Lotus Pond above the Lotus Pond Most embankments include the Honghu embankment, and they have collapsed or flooded. In 1998, the liquid collapse and flooding of the lotus ponds were far less than in 1954.

This should be said that this is a major decision in the flood resistance struggle in 1998, and it is also a very difficult decision to make under specific conditions in 1998. The foundation of the fire fighting struggle in 1998 was: according to the flood control plan of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, some water conservancy projects were completed. In addition to the controlling reservoir of the Hanyu, Qingjiang, Lishui, water, and water repair, the design flood position (about 0.5 meters compared to 1954) was also completed. The key embankment of the Yangtze River in the Yangtze River and the key surrounding improvement projects of the key circumference of the Dongting Lake District and the Poyang Lake District. These all provide a certain foundation for the flood fighting struggle in 1998. However, there are still a considerable part of the embankment that is not completed according to the plan, especially the safety facilities of the plain division of flood storage areas. In the original plan, it is not considered enough, and it has not been implemented in the implementation. In the dilemma: if the original plan is planned (according to the improved design flood, it still needs to effectively divide 20 billion cubic meters), which will suffer a lot of losses; Standard flood positions bear great risk. Considering that the flood in 1998 was smaller than in 1954, and the huge potential of military -civilian unity and flood resistance, the central government resolutely determined to further raise the flood position, strictly guard against death, and strive to reduce the losses and flood loss. This is an extremely difficult decision, which proves that it is correct. Of course, it should also be explained that this is only possible to do it under the conditions of over 30 billion cubic meters less than the flood in 1998 than 1954. If the floods that occurred in 1998 were quite or even greater than the flood in 1954, it would not work regardless of flooding.

A disaster in the Yangtze River Basin in 1998. According to the monitoring and analysis of multi -phase and systems conducted by satellite and aviation remote sensing in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River: the largest overwhelming area of ​​the three provinces of Hunan, Hubei, and Jiangxi is about 15.86 million mu. Due to different statistics, it is much smaller than the statistics of the three provinces. Essence According to the statistics of the Yangtze River Water Conservancy Commission, a total of 1705 enclosures were divided into the five middle and lower reaches of the provinces, and 2.95 million mu of cultivated land were drowned and 2.3 million were affected by the affected population. The above numbers show that most of the smaller siege is the sedimentation, and the average enclosure is less than 2,000 acres. Most of the affected farmers in the disaster statistics are due to waterlogging. The death population in 1998 was 1432. This is very different from the disasters of the 33,169 people in other regions in addition to keeping the Jingjiang embankment and Hankou surrounding embankment in 1954, and the deaths of 3,3169 people are very different. It is completely different from the tragedy of the midstream and lower reaches of the middle and lower reaches of the mid -1931, Hankou Street, and the flooding population in Nanjing, and the death population of 145,000. Therefore, the flood fighting struggle in 1998 did achieve great results.

The question that generally cares about from all walks of life is whether the rise of the Yangtze River flooding is due to the high bonded Yangjiang river bed. According to long -term observation materials, the Yangtze River dry flow trough is basically stable, which is basically different from the Yellow River. Due to some factors, the local river section has changed from stasis. The most obvious is the Jianli -Honghu River section below the Jingjiang River. This section is affected by the underlying project of the Jingjiang River. According to the information of the Yangtze River Water Resources Commission, it represents the station of Luoshan Station. Due to the accumulation of sediment stasis at a low water level, the water level is raised. Essence The flooding level of Luoshan Station in 1998 was more than 1.78 meters compared with 1954. According to the verification, it was mainly due to the collapse of the Jiangjia Wharf of the Jiangjia Pier below the Jiangjia Pier below Luoshan, which greatly reduced the flood position.

ical lake accumulation. Dongting Lake has been about 4 billion cubic meters of lake capacity since 1949. Since it has reclaimed 1,600 square kilometers since 1949, it has reduced the capacity by nearly 10 billion cubic meters. The accumulation of Poyang Lake was small, but since 1949, it has been reclaimed for 1,400 square kilometers, and the lake capacity has been lost by about 8 billion cubic meters. Because all lakes on both sides of Hubei Province were closed, the area was reduced by 5,700 square kilometers. Since 1949, Hunan, Hubei, and Ganlian, with the five provinces of the Soviet Union and Anhui, have increased approximately 14 million acres of cultivated land due to reclamation.

The water loss and sediment in the Yangtze River Basin. Within 1 million square kilometers of riversal area upstream, according to survey statistics, the average annual erosion of ground solid substances is 1.568 billion tons, and the average annual sand transfer volume of the Yangtze River dry flow Yichang Station is 530 million tons, and the input ratio is 0.33. This is different from the Yellow River. Because the upper reaches of the Yangtze River is mainly rocky mountains, the ground erosion substances are mainly rocky and rough, and the particles are thick. Generally, the hills in front of the mountain, the depression accumulation, the trench flooding fan, and the accumulation of ponds and small and medium tributaries are short. The distance from the river cannot be transported by the river long distance; the ground erosion of the Yellow River is a loess, the particles are extremely thin, and they can be transported to the dry flow of the Yellow River almost all of them. Below Yichang, the average annual sand loss of Hankou Station is 430 million tons, and the downstream Chase Station is 468 million tons. The difference between Yichang and Hankou is mainly stained in the Dongting Lake District in Pingshui. Most of the sand loss in Chase Station was sent to the East China Sea. The amount of sand in Yichang has a large difference due to the different distribution of heavy rain. For example, the average annual sand loss volume of eight years from 1990 to 1997 was only 380 million tons, which belonged to Shaoshanian; and the amount of sand loss in June to August of 1998 reached 605 million tons, which was more than 1954. 527 million tons), which is a lot of Sand. According to preliminary analysis, the main sources of sediment in 1998 are the Jinsha River and Jialing River, which is worthy of further research.

This above shows that the water and drought disasters in the Yangtze River Basin are serious. In addition to the objective reasons in meteorological, the main thing is due to the imbalance of the ecosystem in the basin. Below, excessive use and unreasonable development of land resources. In mountainous areas, the forests and steep slopes are destroyed; in the plains, they blindly surround the lake to build fields and occupy Hongzhou Beach. These have caused revenge in nature. In the Yangtze River Basin, the loss of soil and soil in the mountains to the local area is greater than the Yellow River. This is because the Yangtze River Basin is a rock mountainous area. The surface soil layer is very thin. After a certain period of time, the surface soil is flushed, and the rocks are exposed, forming “petrochemicals”, so that the local people can completely lose their living conditions. There are many “petrochemical” mountainous areas in Guizhou Province, which is shocking.

The blind surrounding lakes and occupying Hongzhou Beach of the plain are the main reasons for the rise of the Yangtze River flood in recent years. From the perspective of the long -term natural laws, the foundation plains of the river are made from the sandy stasis of the rivers. The economy of the Chinese nation has also been developed on the basis of the development of seven major rivers. However, if the development is improper or excessive development, it will be punished by the flood. At present, on the development and use of the land on both sides of the Yangtze River, it is facing this problem. Not only is the floods getting higher and higher, the burden of flood control is getting greater, but also the risk of flood prevention is getting greater.

The fundamental reason for the imbalance of my country’s ecosystem is that there are more people. To reconstruct the ecosystem, it is necessary to combine the adjustment of the economic structure to comprehensively improve productivity and pay attention to the coordination of development, reform and stability. We believe that the principles of adhering to comprehensive planning, overall planning, taking into account both, and comprehensive governance must be completely correct.
. Suggestions for future work

based on the understanding of the above six aspects from the six aspects of ecosystems, forestry construction, engineering measures, new technology use, strengthening leadership and overall water conservancy national water conservancy Essence

(1) Adjusting the structure of the land to the reconstruction of the Yangtze River Basin ecosystem of the Yangtze River Basin ecosystem is due to population growth and economic development. Therefore, we cannot simply restore the original state. Instead, from the perspective of sustainable development, by adjusting the economic structure and the distribution of population, on the basis of comprehensive development of productivity, there are more contradictions between people and less land and realize the adjustment of land use structure. On the one hand, we must take the opportunity of the flood resistance in 1998 to promote the need to adjust the necessity of land use structure; at the same time, we must also formulate specific planning, steps, policies and measures to adjust the structure of the land use structure, so that the return of farmland to the forests, the return of farmland to return Lake Heping Mo Dahong really falls into practice.

1. Through comprehensive investigation and necessary surveys, the overall planning of the land in the entire basin, rationally adjust the structure of agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry, and incorporate the overall framework of rectification of rivers and mountains, rebuild their homes into the watershed ecosystem reconstruction, and adapt to local conditions. Establish a sustainable development model.

2. In the mountainous area, the return of farmland to forests is combined with the development of production.
The key to returning farmland to forests is to truly solve the production path of local employees and the masses. It is necessary to specifically delineate the area where the farmland is returned to the forests, formulate specific plans for the production of production, and determine the responsible unit for regular limit and steps, and the implementation of the responsible unit, and regular inspections and acceptance. At present, we must first stop and prevent new forests from destruction and steep sloping wasteland. In particular, we must pay attention to prevent new ecological damage in the Three Gorges immigrants, and strictly follow the “Ecological Functional Division of the Three Gorges Reservoir” to plan resettlement immigration.

For mountain farmland that can not be returned to the forest, it is necessary to vigorously promote efficient ecological agriculture. Promote measures such as slopes, fences, hedges, Hengpo planting and other measures. For conditions, support the construction of farmland water conservancy. Vigorously carry out the governance of small watersheds in mountainous areas, with small watershed as the unit, comprehensively deployment, comprehensive development, combining ecological protection with economic development, combining biological measures and engineering measures. Important ways.

In vigorously developing grass and raising livestock. In the mountainous areas with high rainfall and humidity and steep slope, plateau areas with high altitudes, slopes that are not suitable for afforestation, and dry thermal valleys, shellfish should be planted and animal husbandry should be developed. This is also an effective way to improve the ecological environment and get rid of poverty.

3. In the lake area, the return to the field should be combined with the sustainable development of the lake area.
The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River has developed 14 million acres of arable land in the lake area since 1949. Ten tens of millions of acres of land that have been developed over the past thousands of years is not only the agricultural base of the five midstream and lower reaches, but also developed industrial and transportation. The construction of prosperous towns has contributed to the economic development of the country. However, according to the rules of the Yangtze River, the tens of millions of acres of land have been developed cannot be drowned in any flood. The year when the flood is not too big, you can keep all or most of it; the year of the flood must be sacrificed to save a considerable part to keep the key points. Only in this way can we maintain the sustainable development of the lake area.

4. It is difficult to implement the return to the lake, because a large number of population in the fence needs to be relocated. In terms of the effectiveness of flood storage, controlling floods can effectively reduce the flow of floods than natural flood storage, and the need for flood storage is much less. Therefore, in Hunan Province, it is reasonable to implement “empty storage, farming, cultivation when low water, and high water.” It is reasonable in technology and economy. However, it is necessary to do a good job in the safety construction of flood storage, and formulate a corresponding policy and insurance system to make the people’s production and life reliable; In order to ensure that high water is opened in time, flood storage can be guaranteed in time. For some low -level, drainage difficulty, and severe water destruction in 1998, we should resolutely retreat to the field to return to the lake, or change the closed -type reclamation planting to a semi -enclosed construction of Tsuki Tsukai, and implement “retreat to the field to return fishing.”

5. These enclosures are built on the continental beach on the Yangtze River and Dongting Lake. They have become a hindrance to flood and have a small protection area, but they have a great impact on the overall situation. They should be resolutely removed and returned to the river.

Coustically establish an ecological economic accounting system and compensation system for ecological benefits. Given the long -term and global nature of ecological engineering, it is necessary to support it through policy and legislation in terms of finance, taxation, and credit. The State Council is establishing a forest price system and a compensation system for forest ecological benefits. These are necessary and should be implemented as soon as possible. At the same time, the management of grassland and lakes, continents, and wetlands should also make practical regulations. rnrn难忘98抗洪rn98年，那是个难忘的夏日……………….. rn虽然，我It is not in Jiujiang’s flood resistance, but in Nanchang
not far from the far away, although Nanchang’s water potential is smaller than Jiujiang, but Nanchang’s troops are much less than Jiujiang ……….
It also remember that our troops have dispatched a total of 13 times from July to September, and the longest once stayed outside for 14 days
Sleeping, that mosquito is the most I have ever seen
The sandbags every day, people are numb, burning files, skin ulcers, heat stroke … For us, it is already accustomed to it! Intersection
The captain said the most every day: the embankment is here, the dike is dead! Persevere to the end ……………
The most popular thing is that in Jinxian County, the person who sells our mineral water is 5 yuan per bottle, and what kind of poor soldiers have no money. What kind of mineral water to drink ……………. At that time, I really wanted to k him a meal
The funny of the funny is that in September, the flood resistance entered the end At this time, maybe because Jiujiang’s troops have been withdrawn, a large number of mineral water and condolences were sent to various troops in Nanchang. At the beginning, there was basically no. The taste is so unpalatable! Intersection
This causing our mineral water to drink, and in the end, someone was bathing with mineral water on the front line of flood resistance, thinking that the well water was too dirty!
In short, in the summer of 1998, the memory left to me is sour, sweet, bitter and joyful ……… I found this
The price of righteousness is not an international song (feel)
Li Xiangqun’s life before his life: “Tens of millions of heroes are growing”

● Our reporter Hong Wenjun’s special newspaper special newspaper Reporter Zhong Youguo

The spring breeze, the reporter came to an interview with a regiment of a regiment in the Guangzhou Military Region where Li Xiangqun’s life, and what he saw and heard was gratifying. Although the heroes have gone away, his ideal and beliefs of his love party, patriotism and love, but deeply rooted in this company. The officers and soldiers continued to write a new chapter along the hero’s footprint.

The “rules” before Li Xiangqun’s lifetime: a song of Li Xiangqun every day, organizing a study and practice of Li Xiangqun’s spiritual story meeting every half month. As soon as the recruits arrived in the company, the first book read was “Hero Warrior Li Xiangqun in the new period”. The first film watched was the disclusion of Li Xiangqun’s spirit of “Prosperity” and Li Xiangqun’s deeds. The ears are deeply rooted in the “spirit of the group” deeply rooted in the minds of each officer and soldiers. Zhang Hu’s family had many difficulties, there was no house in the family, his lover was laid off, his mother was sick in bed for a long time, and his relatives and friends came to urge him to change his career several times. Last year, he led officers and soldiers to practice military technology, and won the high -tech knowledge competition and military competitions organized by superiors. The chief guards are local college students. When they first arrived in the army, they were “very uncomfortable”. They wanted to retreat several times. Under Li Xiangqun’s mental infection, he overcome the shortcomings and learned with an open mind. It is “Li Xiangqun -style paceing cadre.”

Ird nine companies, the leaders of the division said that their dedication sacrifice spirit is strong. In January of this year, when the troops were under construction in Cenxi City, Guangxi, the task of Jiulian was the most difficult “hard bone”. Faced with the difficult tasks, the company officers and soldiers carried forward Li Xiangqun’s dedication to sacrifice spirit, fighting for more than ten days and nights, and successfully completed the task assigned by the superiors. Not long ago, the Anping Forest Farm broke out. After hearing the news, the whole officers and soldiers rushed to the fire scene at the fastest speed. The loss of the lives and property of the people is reduced to minimum.

The company instructor Xiao Hai told reporters that he is determined to report to the country and give up his livelihood. This conscious sacrifice of dedication is the essential characteristics of Li Xiangqun’s spirit. In the past two years, while we have done a good job in the special education of Lei Feng and Li Xiangqun, the whole company and soldiers. , “Equivalence exchanges right”, “Dangdian is not losing money” and “learning to group, courage to dedicate”, organize discussions and discussions to help officers and soldiers understand the spiritual essence, strengthen the awareness of dedication, so that the officers and soldiers will consciously take the party and the people to the people consciously The interests are higher than all, and the dedication sacrifice is full of wind.

The nine -linked emphasis on training the noble morality of officers and soldiers with the spirit of Li Xiangqun. The company regularly conducts a series of activities with the theme of “reading healthy books, singing and making up for songs, watching excellent TVs, and doing what you want” to conduct reading speeches, film review book reviews, and singing competitions to create a good environment for the noble and moral sentiments of officers and soldiers; vigorously carry out vigorously “Four different” activities to create a strong atmosphere of diligence, self -reliance, and hard work; extensively carry out the sentimental activities of officers and soldiers and support the people, and cultivate officers and soldiers’ sentiments and love, helping others. Long -term cultivation and influence make the officers and soldiers more pure and more noble. The company stationed and hotel restaurants, song and dance halls, massage homes, and foot washing houses, the environment is complicated, and the officers and soldiers are not involved in unhealthy places. Jiulian officers and soldiers consciously resist the temptation of money. Li Wenwei, Panyu soldiers in Guangdong, when visiting relatives returned to the team, an old classmate asked him to bring a few prohibited items to Guilin for sales and promised to divide five or five. Plant illegal business. Not long ago, a group of military land leaders went to the company to condolences, and they praised the company officers and soldiers “all like Li Xiangqun.”

Theanian online :: News Network: Visit the Li Xiangqun Memorial Hall feel
Li Ying December 4th, as active joining the party, under the leadership of the party branch secretary, we visited it The name of the “new period hero warrior” Li Xiangqun Memorial Hall of the “new period of the new era” … Listening to the priceless song of the high -pitched righteousness, I feel how glorious and great the heroes are. The shocking songs saw the heroes fainted several times until the end of life …
The answer: Feitian Gorilla-Assistant 3rd level 4-24 11: 54
The responsibility of righteousness!

The continuation of life is the responsibility of our incomparable!